What are canker sores and why do they appear?
Canker sores (or canker sores) are small ulcers (sores) that appear in the mouth and make it difficult for a person to chew food and speak, and are a constant nuisance throughout the day.
They occur in areas of the oral mucosa with non-keratinized epithelium such as the buccal sulcus, the cheeks (cheeks), the soft palate (the back of the palate) and the lower surface of the tongue. These sores are shallow, round or oval in shape and extremely painful. The pain becomes particularly intense after contact with salt, spices and acidic foods.
From a clinical point of view, canker sores are distinguished into:
- Small canker sores no larger than 10mm (usual diameter 1-2mm)
- Large canker sores with a diameter that exceeds 10 millimeters and can reach 2-3 centimeters
- Herpetic ulcers which are clusters of multiple small canker sores, concentrated in the same area of the inside of the mouth. They are the size of a pinhead and the cluster may include several dozen such canker sores.
Although they are known since ancient times, their etiology remains unknown. The causes of mouth ulcers can be:
- Hereditary and genetic factors: some people are genetically predisposed to developing canker sores
- Anxiety and stress both physically and psychologically
- Injuries inside the mouth (e.g. dental injections, etc.)
- Hormonal changes: such as those that occur during menstruation
- Virus or bacterial infections
- Food and drug allergies
How are they treated?
Canker sores are self-healing lesions, meaning they will heal on their own within a reasonable period of time. So when we talk about treating canker sores, we are basically referring to speeding up their healing and reducing the pain they cause. Preparations of local action in the form of oral solution, such as spray or gel, immediately relieve pain, contributing to faster healing.
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